Water-closet



2 Sheets-Sheet l. H. H. CRAIGIE.

WATER GLOSET.

(No Model.)

No. 397,781. Patented Feb. 12, 1889...

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Y 2 Sheets-Sheef 2. H. H. GRAIGIE. 'WATER GLOSBT.

. Patented- Feb.. '12, 1,889..

muuulllilll (No Model.) v

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UNTTnn STATES @PATENT @Truce lltflI ll. CRAIGlE, 0F .QTAMFORR CONNECTICUT.

WTER-CLOSET.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 397,781, dated February 12, 1889.

Application lcil August 20, 1837. Serial No. 247,405. (No model.)

T0 all 107mm/ it 71mg/ concern:

Be it known that I, HUGH II. CRAlGlE, of Stamford, Fairiield county, Connecticut, have invented certain new aud useful Improvements in Tater-Closets, oi? which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to those two classes of closets known as siphon-closets and washout closets, more especially to siphonclosets in which a large siphon-passage between the bowl and the sewer-pipe acts to rapidly evacuate the bowl when flooded by a sudden Aflush of water. In these closets water is usually discharged. down into the bowl through the iiushing-rim at the top, and also in an upward jet through the ascending limb of the siphon, which jet acts to start and iiood the siphon, while the discharge from the Bushing-rim cleanses the bowl, and the joint action of both causes a rapid evacuation of the bowl through the siphon.

In my improvement I provide the interior of the bowl with a vertical water channel or gut-ter running down one side, preferablythe front side, and inv a line with the ejecting-aperture and the siphon, into which channel the water-tlush is discharged, and, descending` in an energetic stream into the water-pool in the bottom of the basin, renders the surging, cleansing, and evacuating action of the iiush much more certain and effective. This channel prete "ably issues Vfrom the flushing-rim, and is supplied therefrom at a point opposite t'o the attachment of the water-supply pipe. The water-suppl y or flushing pipe connects to a large distributing hub or neel: on the edge or rim of the basin, which communicates with. the vertical channel through the usual flushing-rim or otherwise. The upward jet in the ascending limb of the siphon is connected with this hub through the medium of a distinct tube leading downward from wsaid hub to the jet, exterior-ly of the siphon, and preferably of earthenware, integral therewith.

In the drawings annexed, Figure 1 presents a side elevation of a Siphon-closet embodying my invention, and Fig. 2 is a section thereof. Fig. 3 is an elevation of the reverse side, partly in section. at is a pian view, partly in section. Fig. 5 is a rear elevation. Fig. 6 is a vertical section similar to Fig. 2, and showing a modified construction. Fig. 7 is a plan of a wash-out closet embodying my invention, and. Fig. S is a vertical mid-section thereof.

I will lirst'describe the construction of siphon-closet shown in Figs. l to 5, whereinav indicates the bowl or basin of the watercloset, which is made in the usual bowl or urn shape.

b is the ejecting-aperture in the bottom of the bowl, and c d the siphon leading from said aperture to the discharge-neck e, which is adapted to connect directly to the soil-pipe, as usual in Siphon-closets. Now, at the top or rim ot the bowl, just above the bend of the siphon, is arranged a large hollow hub or iiushing-pipe connection, f, (seen best in Figs. 4. and 5,) one end of which is closed, while the opposite end is open to connect with the flushing-pipe, which is coupled therewith in any suitable manner. The side of this hub or cylinder opens into the hollow flushing-rim g of the bowl, which encircles the top edge ot the bowl in the usual manner. A downward opening, i, is formed in this flushing-rim at the front side of the bowl or diametrically opposite to the hub f, through which the waterwill be discharged from the rim down the sides of the bowl. Coincident with thisdischarge-opening 'L' in the rim I prefer to form the bowl with a channel or gutter, 7.1, recessed into the wall of the bowl and descending the saine vertically to the base of the bowl into the discharge-aperture b and in line with the Siphon c d, as well shown in Figs. 2 and 4, also in Figs. l and 3. This channel 7c preferably increases in depth toward the base, it being nearly theysame depth as the limb of the siphon where it opens into the dischargeaperture b, as well shown in Fig. 2, and the bottom of the channel is preferably in a line or curve continuous with the bottom wall of the ascending limb c of the siphon, as seen in Fig. 2, so that a stream descending the channel will tend to [low straight into the limb of the siphon, as will be understood from Fig. 2. At the mouth of the ascending limb c of the siphon, or just where it blends into the aperture b, there is an upwardly-directed,jet-hole, n, which opens from a small cavity, n', in the central line of the basin, which cavity communicates with one end of a distinct exterior pipe or conduit, m, the opposite end of'which IOO issues from the lower side olf the water-hullf the channel /.1 into the water-pool and dand descends therefrom to the j et-eavityalong'- side the siphon, as Vli'ully shown iu Figs. 3, al, and 5, and thus conducts iree supplyot water from the distributing' huh or cylindenf'l to the jet n, as will he umlerstood. (')n the side oli' the distrilnlting'diuh is a lateral rnltlet, s, just over the crest ot the siphon, which eonneeted hy an elhow-j'iipe, o, with a j et-aperture, p, in the top olf the descending]imh l ol` the siphon, th us forming' a downwardly-dirceted jet in the deseendineT limh, which also supplied from the distrihuti11g-huhji `r is an outwardly-opening' llap or cheek. valve in the elljlow-pipe to permit the tree outflow ot' water to the jet, hut prevent the return-How el' any sewer-gases.

'lhe closet, as described and show'misnnulc reeted toward the aperture p and the siphon; secondly, in an energetic upward jet lfrom thejet-hole n up into the ascending;l limh e ol' the siphon, and, thirdljgin a downward jet from the jet-hole p down into the dcseendlirer limh olf the siphon. The water leseemling;I the side olf the howl l'rom the flushing-rim will not only partly spread over the inner surl'aee ot'the howl and thus cltmnse the saine, hut will he f foncentraiml chietljY in a powerlul stream rushing down the channel lr into the water-pool below, in which it will jpn'oduee such an etleetive surge and agitaftion as to quickly sulnnerge the paper or other floating' matter, and its stream being' delivered in a direction across the aperture l) ol' croekery in one integral pieee or lstrlnfture, as hest illustrated in Fie'. 2, the elho\\'-pipe o and its valve `r being preferably made oli hrass cemented in place, as shown; hut other materials or modes ol' construction ma)v ol' course he used.

ln a practical closet the alnn'ture l; will he olf l'our inches dia-meter, and the siphon c d oli' similar eros -seetion. The upward jet, n, will he seven-eighths of an ineh, and the downward jet p the saine, while the pipe n1 will have a here ot' one inch. The distrihuting-lulhc/will he two inches in diameter, and will thus he ot greater arca than all the oriiiees issuing' or sumfilied from it, and thus supply all ol said hranohes freely, and this huh will he connected 'by a two-inch pipe in the usual way with a supply-tank adapted on the depression olf a pull to supply avoluminous flush ot water tothe eloset at the several points indicated, so as to wash the howl, ilood the siphon, and cause the howl to he enereetiealljT evacuated, while the .af:'ter wash l'rom the tank will till the howl lo the sealing-level. 'lanks olf this character are various and well known, and therefore do not need to he illustrated in connection with the closet to which my invention is con lined.

The `general construction heine', therefore, now set iliorth, the operation will he readily understood. When the closet is at rest,the after-wash from the tank will sul'ee to lill the howl to the level ot' the dotted line in Fig. Q, which is coincident with the top of the separating-jmrtition ol" the siphon-liinhs, and this howl ot water will et'leetually seal the elose't. An)v slight excess dripping into the howl will ol.l course trickle over the Siphonpartition down into the longl limh of the siphon, and thence into the sewer-pipe without lloodiirt;l the siphon, which llooding' will only take plaee hva sudden Avolumi nous discharge olf water in the howl or siphon. As soon,

however, as the l'lush ot' water is admitted from the tank it will Alirst enter the distrihut* uting huh or eyli nder j" and be thence distrilnxted therefrom in three manches-viz., from the flushing-rim through the aperture i, down the sides ol' the howl, and thi-(nigh and into the siphon e will tend to eject the cont ents through the siphon, and thus greatly assist the siphoning' action. The water [lowing,l into the howl, as deserihm'l, through the channel L will thus not only produce an eli'- lcetive cleansing, surging, and suhmerg'ing' aetion, hut will l'lood the howl and raise its wz'tter-line ahove t-he normal level, and thus tend to Ilood the siphon, which will he positively elleetet'l hy the joint action oli' the upward and downward jets w 1p, the upward jet acting as an injector to j n'ojeet the 'water up through the siphon, and thus causing the lsiphon to lill and aet culergjetically to evacuate the entire contents ol' the howl in a sudden and powerful manuel'. The downward jet ol' course acts to at lirst project the air l'rom the descending limh, and thus greatlyassists the action of the upward or mainv jet `ny in causing; the siphon to lill and operate quiekly, and both jets aet, ol' eourse, as positive ejeetingjets in eaeh linlh, adding to the natural siphouing action ot' the water-eolumns therein, and thus tending;I to hreak up and. propel through the siphon any paperor solid matter in the contents oll the howl, so that thc conihined aetion et the three water-streams and the siphon-coluinn rm'n'lers the lf'lansing' and evaeuating' aetion ot' the closet peculiarly1 quick, energetic, and coml'llete.

lit will he noted that three streams are de; livered at different points in the eloset, all supplied. from one main distrilniting-eylinder or reservoir-1nd), f, at the top of the closet, to which the tlushing-pipe eonneets. The main or upward siphoning-jet n, as will he noted, is supplied through a distinet exterior conduit, im, descending' from the distrihut ing-h uh f to the jet alongside the siphon, this conduit heilig' prel'erahlv made in ta'oekery integral with the remaimfler ot' the closet,` struct ure, as shown in rigs. 3 and 5. lhis cmistruetion avoids an internal channel in thehowl,\\'hieh would he more diliieult and expensive to construct, and provides a l'reer passage for the waterwithout increasin the hulk ot' the howl.

The exterior conduit, nl, arranged at and extends throughout .its lengt-h alone` the ane'le ltermed hy the junction ot the howl with thc short leg ot the siphon, wherehy it isprolIO teeted from injury, and, being formed integrally therewith, it is not only strengthened itself, but it contributes also to the strengtheni'ngl of the bowl and siphon.

It is to be observed that the flushing connect ion or hub f is located beneath the top of the bowl, so that it does not increase the height of the closet, and above the water-level in the bowl, and that while the jet-passage fm leads directly downward :from it the passage comnninicating with the flushing-rim extends upwardly from the hub y", as clearly shown in Fig. Q; hence the j et-water liows with greater :torce than the flushing-water and is more immediate in its action, since the hubf must be filled with water before any material quantity of water will rise into the flushing-rim. Thus the jet ln begins to act upon the siphon before the level of water in the bowl is raised above the normal, thus hastening the evacuation of the closet.

lt will be readily understood that the different features of my invention may be used separately, and need not in all cases be combined to act jointly, as shown in the drawings. ward liet n may be used without the downward jet lp, an example of which is shown in Fig. (i, and the channel k may be used without either jet, and so on in various combinations or arran gements. Experience has shown that the construction shown in Fig. G isquite effective and practically as advantageous as that shown in the preceding' figures.

rlhe channel le may of course be used in wash-out7 closets or in any other type of closet for which it is adapted, whether operated by siphon or not, as its use is not of course coniined to siphon-closets.

Figs. 7 and S showa common form of washout closet to which my invention is in part applied. The outlet bfrom the bowl is at the rear over a dam, q, which retains a pool of water in the bowl, and from the outlet a soil passage, d, leads down to the neck c at the floor. The channel k is constructed substantially the same as in the previous figures from the opening i in the flushing-rim down to the lowest point in the bowl, the only difference being' that it is n ot so deep. lts depth increases until thelowest point is reached, after which, as it is continued rearwardlyin an uninterrupted sweep to the outlet b, it gradually decreases in depth, so that the same effect is produced as in the construction first described by the continuation of the sweep of this channel into the siphonlimb c. In either construction the tiushing-rim g may be slotted in the usual manner for discharging the water down the sides of the bowl., or it may have no other opening than 'the opening i.

l of course do not limit myself to a hollow or flushing rim for coi'iducting the water-supply tothe channel L, as the supply may be conducted thereto in any other suitable way.

It will be understood that the siphon c d also acts as a trap, and maybe so considered.

For example, the channel la and up-l I am well aware that water-closet bowls have been made with an internal tube or passage within the wall of the bowl descending from the flushing-rim and opening into the bowl under the level of the water therein; but this is distinct from my improvement, which employs a superficial channel or gutter, 7.1, on the inner surface of the bowl descending from the flushing-rim to the base of the bowl, for in this case the stream of water is discharged down the inner surface of the bowl itself and strikes the pool of water in the bowl from the surface downward, which not only keeps an importa-nt part of the surface of the bowl cleansed, but, as the stream strikes the surface of the water in the' bowl, it produces a much greater commotion therein, which acts to more rapidly submerge paper or other floating' matter, and thus renders the ejecting action of the closet much more rapid and cleanly.

That I claim as my invention isl. A water-closetbowlor receptacle formed with an open channel or gutter sunk in its inner surface, and extending from or near the :rim to the base of the bowl and directed toward .the discharge-aperture, with a waterduct arranged to discharge into said channel, substantially as set forth.

2. A water-closet bowl having a hollow iiushing-rim at the top and a (ilischarge-aperture with an open water-channel sunk in the inner surface of the bowl, and descending from the rim'to the base and directed toward the discharge-aperture, with a water-supply conduit connecting to the hollow rim and a discharge-aperture leading from said rim to said channel, substantially as set forth.

3. A water-closet bowl or receptacle formed with an open vertical channel on the inner wall of the bowl descending from or near the rim, directed toward the dischargc-aperture, and made of a depth increasing toward its lowest point in the bowl, substantially as shown and described.

a. 1n a water-closet, the combination, with the bowl or receptacle having a dischargeaperture at thebase and a siphonic discharge tube or trap leading therefrom, of a water channel or gutter on the inner wall of the bowl descending the same toward and into the discharge-aperture and in line with the limb of the siphon or trap, and open on the face of the bowl from end to end, substantially as herein set forth.

5. A water-closet bowl having the dischargeaperture b, the curved discharge-tube c, and.

the open channel arranged substantially as shown,with the bottom of thechannel of continuous and coincident curve with the bottom of the tube c, and blending int'o and crossing the aperture l), substantially as shown and described.

llUGll il. CRAIGIE. litnessesr R. E. PENDARvis, SAMUEL J. LUMBARD.

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